Heart development 1
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
25-07-2025
Heart development 2
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
25-07-2025
1. Chromosome
A chromosome is a thread-like structure made of DNA tightly wound around spool-like proteins called histones, which package and protect genetic instructions inside living cells.
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
28-10-2026
2. Gene 1
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity, made up of a specific sequence of DNA or RNA.
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
28-10-2026
3. Gene 2
A segment of nucleotides that usually provides the instructions to make a specific protein or a functional RNA molecule. Located on chromosomes inside the nucleus of cells, encoded in base pairs (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine).
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
28-10-2026
4. Gene 3
•Inheritance: Passed from parents to offspring, with humans carrying approximately 20,000 protein-coding genes. • Alleles and Traits: Variations in gene sequences are called alleles, which help determine physical traits and biological functions.
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
28-10-2026
5. Gene 4
Genes and their regulatory sequences are mainly responsible for determining the physical traits, or the phenotype of an organism. The genotype is the total amount of DNA in an organism including genes, other functional elements, and non-functional DNA.
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
28-10-2026
6. Chromosome 2, Gene
• Total Number: Humans have 46 chromosomes organized into 23 pairs in most body cells (diploid number, 2n = 46). • Autosomes: The first 22 pairs are non-sex chromosomes that control general body traits. • Sex Chromosomes: The 23rd pair determines biological sex—typically XX in females and XY in males.
Dr. Praveen Kurrey
28-10-2026